Optimizing Filter Integrated Fuzzy-PID Controller for Frequency Regulation in an Isolated Microgrid

Tarakanta Jena, Jyoti Ranjan Padhi, Manoj Kumar Debnath

Abstract


The imbalance between power generation and load requirements often leads to frequency oscillations within the unified power system. Secondary controllers are integrated into the generator control loop to swiftly dampen these oscillations and maintain synchronicity. This study introduces a first-order filter within a Fuzzy-PID controller, forming a Fuzzy-PIDF (FPIDF) controller, aimed at regulating frequency in an islanded microgrid model. The microgrid model incorporates various generation sources such as thermal, wind, aqua electrolyzer (AE), battery energy storage system (BESS), fuel cell (FC), and diesel engine generator (DEG). Optimal values for the FPIDF controller's gains are obtained through Mountain Gazelle Optimization (MGO), with a consideration of 5% load deviation in the microgrid model. The Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) is utilized as the fitness function for the tuning process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed FPIDF controller, the model's loading is varied arbitrarily, and the frequency stability is examined and confirmed. Additionally, the performance of the FPIDF controller is compared with that of the Fuzzy-PID and PID controllers, both tuned using the same MGO techniques. Through evaluation based on positive peak, settling time, and negative peak responses, it is demonstrated that the FPIDF controller exhibits superior performance indices compared to the Fuzzy-PID and PID controllers. Moreover, the efficacy of the projected FPIDF controller is demonstrated under random variations in load and wind power. Also, the stability of the model is verified with the help of pole-zero plot and bode plot analysis.

Keywords


Microgrid; Frequency Regulation; Controller Tuning; Mountain Gazelle Optimization; Fuzzy control technique; renewable energy

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References


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DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v16i3.15510.g9257

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